英语书面表达高考如何拿分？

英语书面表达高考如何拿分？

胡华华

笔者就大小英语考试中书面表达改卷要求，以及改卷同仁言语中流露的感受，和本人参与各种书面表达的改卷工作中总结的经验，加之，一周一次面批自己高三学生得出的体会，简单地谈谈：高考中，考生如何就书面表达拿到自己理想的分数？

(一)命题特点

要求考生根据所给情景,用英语写一篇100个单词左右的短文。情景包括:目的、对象、时间、地点、内容等; 提供情景的形式有图画、图表、提纲等.

建议：不宜太短，不宜过长，围绕100字(words)。

所给提示要点，不可遗漏。

(二)测试要点

1. 正确运用语法(用词、结构搭配、句型 、句式)来准确地道地传达信息

2. 运用一定的写作策略和篇章技巧(段落的构成、句子与句子和段落与段落间的过渡等)将信息得体流畅的传达,以达到交际的目的

建议：总体原则: 无错就是功。

金玉良言: 正确为先，

流畅为好，

有文有采有佳句则妙。

切记: 形式重于内容

多数有经验的老师会强调：
1. 平时接纳多种题材训练，并细读范文，背诵佳句、佳作。

2. 尽量用自己熟悉的句型、句式和表达法。

3. 注重句子的多样性，简单句与并列句为主, 适量使用复合句及复杂句。

4. 老读长句，累死人。长短句结合，抑扬顿挫。

5. 高级词汇适当适量（不宜多），掌握分、合句子的能力和技巧。

6. 确定好文章的基本时态，不要时态混乱。

7. 把握过渡词汇、短语，运用巧妙灵活, 确保行文流畅。

8. 卷面靓洁，字迹老道，醒目清秀，让批阅老师“一见钟情”地爱上所读的书面表达。

（三）评分标准和人“情”因素

评分标准按5个档次给分。

人“情”因素，是在批阅试卷中，考生的整体策划，卷面整洁，书写大气，段落明显，字迹清晰，让评卷老师有种“爱你没商量”感受，有股不想扣分或者舍不得之情愫。不然，会让人有种“想说爱你”真的“不容易”之感。

建议：1. 自己做个改卷人，希望看到怎样“体面”的书面表达。

2. 读读或者研究一下最佳档次的要求：

第五档（21---25分）完全完成了试题规定的任务。

---覆盖所有内容要点。

---应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。

---语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误，但为尽力使用较多复杂结构或较高级词汇所致；具备较强的语言运用能力。

---有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，是全文结构紧凑。

完全达到了预期的写作目的。

后附：几篇网络2007英语书面表达题预猜（个人收集）

一、

北京时间11月11日晚，万众期盼的北京2008年奥运吉祥物精彩出炉，五个可爱的福娃从此被赋予了生命，和中国人民一起，大声向世界说出“北京欢迎你”。

请你根据以下内容写一篇介绍福娃的短文，约100词，可以有所发挥。

1. 福娃是北京2008年第29届奥运会吉祥物；

2. 他们是在倒计时1000天时发布的；

3. 他们代表了鱼、大熊猫、藏羚羊、燕子以及奥林匹克圣火的形象；

4. 福娃还传递着友谊、和平、积极进取的精神和美好愿望；

5. 每个娃娃都有一个琅琅上口的名字:“贝贝”、“晶晶”、“欢欢”、“迎迎”和“妮妮”；

6. 当把五个娃娃的名字连在一起，你会读出北京对世界的盛情邀请：“北京欢迎你”。

参考词汇：吉祥物mascot；藏羚羊Tibetan Antelope；燕子swallow； 激情passion

One possible version:

Beijing unveiled a set of five doll mascots for the 2008 Olympic Games on Nov. 11, exactly 1,000 days before the event's opening ceremony. The long-anticipated mascots, which embody the natural characteristics of four of China's popular animals -- the Fish, the Panda, the Tibetan Antelope, the Swallow -- and the Olympic Flame. They also symbolize different blessings --friendship, peace, passion, health and good luck. Each of the Beijing Olympic mascots has a rhyming two-syllable name: Beibei is the Fish, Jingjing is the Panda, Huanhuan is theOlympic Flame, Yingying is the Tibetan antelope and Nini is the Swallow. When their names are put together -- Bei Jing Huan Ying Ni --they say "Welcome to Beijing".

二、

国家正在在提倡“节约型社会”，你们学校学生会以How to build an economized society 为题组织一次征文活动，你准备参加，下面是你要谈的要点：

1. 房间无人要关灯和电风扇, 养成人走灯灭的习惯，空调不低于26度, 电脑不空运行;

2. 随手关水龙头的,洗菜洗脸多用盆, 废水冲厕或浇花；

3. 买菜不用塑料袋，使用菜篮子，它可以重复使用多次。

注意：1．短文必须包括所有内容要点，可适当发挥；

2．短文标题、开头已为你写好，不计入总词数；

3．词数：100左右。

How to build an economized society

To build an economized society, we must keep the following points in our mind.

…

A possible version:

How to build an economized society

To build an economized society, we must keep the following points in our mind.

Firstly, make sure that the lights and the electric fans are turned off when there is no one in the room. Set the room temperature at above 26°C. Remember to turn off the computer when you are not using it. Secondly, try to form the habit of turning off the tap after it is used. Use basins when washing faces or vegetables. Thus the water can be used again to clean toilets or water flowers. Thirdly, it will be good enough for us to use a basket in stead of a plastic bag when go to the market. Because a basket can be used again many more times.

All in all, it is everyone’s duty to build an economized society.

三、

续写下面一段文字，要有自己的观点和理由，字数约120字。

We humans are the ruler on earth because of our intelligence. As we move into the future machines are becoming much more intelligent. Will there come a time when their intellectual abilities surpass those of humans? Will machines rule the planet in the end?

……

One possible version:

We humans are the ruler on earth because of our intelligence. As we move into the future machines are becoming much more intelligent. Will there come a time when their intellectual abilities surpass those of humans? Will machines rule the planet in the end?
Personally I think so. The gap between science fiction and science fact is closing, and closing fast. Now many people are shocked by what robots can now do and what they are being already used for. With computer brains, their ability to learn is now becoming their most important character.Some robots can even play chess with humans. And recently some scientists have built emotionally-expressive robots,one has moveable eyelids, eyes and lips which allow him to make a variety of emotional expressions. Another one even can wave its arms around to express its emotions!If they can think and look like human beings,then they may want to control the world.

So I think we should start thinking about how to ensure that robots remain safe even when they are more intelligent and emotional.

四、

以Helping Others Can Help You 为题写一篇短文，说明参加志愿者活动会给我们带来的益处，字数约100（短文的开头已给出，不计入总词数），短文要点如下：

1． 获得生活经验和技能,更好地为你的专业或未来的事业服务；

2． 结交有趣的人员，学习更多的知识；

3． 让你回报社会，消除理解障碍；

4． 你自己的看法。

参考词汇：障碍 n.barrier

Helping Others Can Help You

Volunteering has a meaningful, positive effect on your community. But did you know that it can have many benefits for you, too?

……

One possible version:

Helping Others Can Help You

Volunteering has a meaningful, positive effect on your community. But did you know that it can have many benefits for you, too?

Whether you help clean the rooms for the old , do something for the disabled, or teach the children to sing, you'll gain some valuable skills and experience. You can use these skills and experience to enrich your study or your future career. Volunteering brings together a variety of people. You will meet some interesting ones. And maybe you'll learn many useful things that you can’t learn at school.

It can also help you give back to society, break down barriers of misunderstanding, and even have fun.

It is a good way for us students to learn and communicate by volunteering ,and it is of great importance.

五、

面对中学生“出国热”，社会对此有不同的看法。请你以Studying Abroad为题，根据以下提供的信息，谈谈自己的看法。

Advantages	disadvantages
1．良好的语言环境，更利于预言学习。 2．拓宽视野，学习国外先进的科学技术。 3．传播各民族间的不同文化。	1．年纪小，缺乏生活经验，自立能力差。 2．情感孤独，思乡。 3．生活学习费用高。

注意：1．第一句已为你写好，不计入总词数。

2．词数120左右

3．参考词汇：媒介，中间人mediator

In recent years, studying abroad has been popular.

A possible version:

In recent years, studying abroad has been popular．Tens of thousands of Chinese students have gone to foreign countries to study．Many people are trying their best to apply to apply to go abroad.

There are many advantages in attending schools abroad．First, students who have studied abroad can act as mediators between people of different cultures．Second, we can learn much more advanced knowledge of science and technology from foreign countries．Third, we can learn much foreign languages more quickly.

However, there are some disadvantages．Most of the students are too young to live alone without any living experience．Besides, being far away from their home country, they may feel lonely and homesick．Also, of course, the costs are much higher there than at home．In spite of theses, advantages are more than disadvantages．In my opinion, it is advisable to attend schools abroad.

六、

自从 “超级女声”在全国大获成功后荧屏上青少年才艺展示表演越来越多。就此，有些学生认为中学生应专注于读书，不应该过早踏上舞台；有些学生则不以为然。请根据以下表格内容，以Are middle school students too young to be on TV shows? 为题，为某英语杂志写一篇120左右的英语短文。

看法	理由
太早参加演出，不利学习	1. 没有形成自己的演出风格，仅靠模仿，不是真艺术； 2. 女孩们过多迷于“明星梦”，忽视学习； 3. 演出花费太多时间与精力，不利集中精力学习。
应该参加演出，展示才华	1. 表演节目提供了参与社会活动的机会； 2. 丰富演出经验，有利于将来的音乐生涯； 3. 人各有梦，抓住机会实现梦想。
你的观点	请自由发挥1. …… 2. …… 3. ……

注意: 1. 行文应连贯流畅, 内容要充实完整;

2. 题目和开头语已经给出, 不计入总词数;

3. 词数要求: 至少120左右。

Are middle school students too young to be on TV shows?

Since “Super Voice Girls” became a big hit all over the country, there are more and more teen talent shows on the TV screen now. Are middle school students too young to be on TV shows? Some students think so.

One possible version:

Are middle school students too young to be on TV shows?

Since “Super Voice Girls” became a big hit all over the country, there are more and more teen talent shows on the TV screen now. Are middle school students too young to be on TV shows? Some students think so. In their opinion, teenagers haven’t formed their own style of performance yet. Just imitating their icons’ voice and actions is not the real art of singing and performing. It’s reported that some young girls are too absorbed in “star dream”, thus ignoring their study. What’s more, such TV shows take up too much time and energy. As middle school students, they should concentrate on their study at present. However, other students think it right for teenagers to show their talents of art. TV shows like “Super Voice Girls” provide students with an opportunity to participate in social activities, where they can gain rich experience, which will surely contribute a lot to their future musical career. As we all know, different people have different dreams. It’s very important for them to grasp the chance and try to make their dreams come true.

Personally, important as study is, it is not the only thing we can do. We should have a wide range of opportunities to develop our abilities. We may as well show our qualities to people when possible.

(or: As for myself, although it is a good stage for young girls to show their ability, as middle school students, they must first have more knowledge. They should put more effort into their schoolwork.

七、

假如你是李华，最近你对高三学生的体育活动现状进行了调查，请根据下列图例，用英语写一篇报告，并陈述你的观点。

注意：1、词数120左右；

2、开头已给出，不记入总词数；

3、提示：设施 facility

One possible version:

Recently I made a survey of senior 3 students on physical training. Only 35% of the surveyed students do sports. There are many reasons for this. Half of the students say they have too much homework and have not enough time to do exercise. 30% of them complain that they have no places where they can relax themselves and that there are not enough training facilities. 10% feel that they live too far away from the places and some even don’t know how to take exercise. Because of lack of physical activities, many students are in poor health. We should realize the importance of taking exercise, and measures should be taken to improve the present situation. It would be greatly appreciated that our government and social organizations as well could offer some financial aid.

八、

党中央号召全国人民树立“八荣八耻”荣辱观，仔细观看下面这组漫画，根据要求以 Beauty Comes From Action为题写一篇120词左右的短文。

漂亮女郎的行为
残疾老人的行为
你的评论

One possible version:

　　In the above cartoons, a young woman happily eats bananas and throws the peels on the street, unaware of the fact that such actions not only pollute the environment but also bring dangers to others. A disabled man struggles to properly pick up the peels she has left behind and put them in the dustbin.

　　In my opinion, despite the girl's beauty, it is the disabled man who is truly beautiful. Being well dressed is of great importance in keeping a good appearance. However, we should always keep this in mind: True beauty comes from one's actions . The old man is displaying a more beautiful virtue even though he is disabled , compared with the young girl.

While most of us enjoy pretty appearances, I think it is more important to have a clean and beautiful soul. Only such souls can create a beautiful society.

预祝本年度高三考生愉快应考、凯旋而归！